Windmill



R. H. YALE, P. W. HUTCHINS, AND K. MEETING. WINDMILL.

APFLl-CATIN FILED AlN-L21. 1920. 1,421,337,

Patented Jim@ 27, 1922.v

R. H. YLE, P. W. HUTCHINS, AND K. MEETING. WINDMIL'L.

APPLICATION FILED IIUG.2Il 1920.

Patented June 27 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Rz-H. YALE, P. W. HUTCHINS., AND K. MERTING.

WINDMILL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. ZI

m0' Patented June 27, 41922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3! R. H. YALE, P. W. HUTCH-INS, AND K. MEETING. I

` WLNDMILL.

APPucATloN FILED Auf-Lm, 1920. 1,421,337. Patented June 27,1922'.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

vR. H. YALE, P. W. HUTCHINS, AND K. MEETING.

WINDMILL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2I, 1920.

Patented June 27, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- RODNEY H. YALE, PAUL W. HUTCI-IINSI AND KARL MEETING, OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, ASSIGNORS T0 YALE AND HOPEVJELL COMPANY, OF LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, A COR;

IPORATION OF NEBRASKA.

WINDMILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, 1922.

Application filed August 21, 1920. Serial No. 405,065

To ZZ whom-t may con-cern.'

Be it known that we, RoDNnY H. YALE, PAUL lV. Eurer-HNS, citizens of the United States of America, and KARL MEETING, a citizen of Germany7 all residents of Lincoln, Lancaster County, and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to lllindmills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve ments in windmills; and the objects and nature of the invention will be readily un derstood by those skilled in the art in the light ot the following explanation ot' the accompanying;` drawings illustrating what we now believe to be the preferred mechanical expressions or embodiments ot' our invention from among other forms, constructions and arrangements within the spirit and scope thereof.

An object orn the invention is to so improve the. working head oll windmills as to render it possible to economically and successfully maintain the proper lubrication of certain working parts with the end in view of producing' a highly desirable socalled self oiling windmill.

Y Another object of the invention is to provide improvements in windmills of the back geared and ot internal geared type. with the end in view of attaining;- certain advantages and results over prior windmill gear-ings known to us.

Another object of the invention is to provide certain improvements in various teatures ot windmill workingheads with the ends in view ot overcoming` di'tliculties heretot'ore experienced and in attaining advantages over the prior art as known 'to us.

lilith these and other objects in View our invention consists in certain novel features in construction and in combinations and arrangements as more fully and particular y set `forth and specilied hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying` drawings:

Fig. l shows in side elevation a windmill working head embodying the various `features of our invention. the` wind wheel and regulator vane or tail beingV but partially illustrated, the windwheel spider or hub being` partially shown in longitudinal section.

liig. Qis a side elevation, corresponding to F ig. l, but showing the opposite side of the head.

F ig. 3 is a rear elevation of the working' head, the vane being broken away andthe wind wheel not being,` shown. l

Fig. l is a top plan View of the working head, the vane being` broken away; thbe wheel not being shown except for a portion of its hub which appears in horizontal longitudinal section.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section longitudinally ot the wind wheel shaft, approximately in the plane of the line 5 'I the main frame or bracket partly in section and partially in side elevation, the main stem pipe being shown in elevation with a portion broken away.

Fig'.

frame casting,- the main stem being shown in cross section, the windwheel shaty gearingi and journal box cap not being shown:

Fig'. 7 is a detail elevation of the brake shoe:

Fig. 8 is a detail vertical section showing the internal gear and the gearing therein, in elevation.

In the drawings. we do not show the tower or other support on which the head is mounted, nor do we show the mounting and Y u sporting bearing tor the head as the head can be supported and mounted in any suitable manner, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. l

Vile do illustrate, however, the vertical main stem or pipe l, which is alined or concentric with the vertical axis around which the head rotates ork swings. This vstein forms a part of the main frame inas' V*much as the main frame or bracket casting is rigidly clamped or otherwise secured to said stem to turn therewith.

Any suitable'regulator vane or tail 3 is employed, although we do not illustrate the same in full, and this Vane is coupled to the head through the medium of said stemV -which. forms the Vvertical aXis on which said Vane is horizontally swing'able. To this end,

the casting or yoke 2, of said Vane is con.-V v

G is a detail top plan of the main Y fined to rotate on said stem in the usual or any other suitable manner.

As usual, the vertically reciprocating pump or other operating rod l, `depends and operates through the stem and extends upwardly therefrom` `where it works in the guide or slideway 5 clamped to the upper end of the stem and projecting upwardly therefrom.

The guide is longitudinally slotted or open at one side for the passage and vertical movement of the lateral pin or stud 8, fixed to said reciprocating rod and through the mediumof which the rod is reciprocated by link or pitman 9. The upper end of the pitman is journaled on pin 8 while the lower end `of the pitman receives the wrist or crank pinlO` of the crank 11. The crank 11 is driven by the windmill wheel or main drive) shaft l2, as hereinafter set forth.

The complete windmill wheel ofthe solid type, is not shown but the hub thereof is illustrated fixed on the .outer end of the shaft 12 and this hub comprises the` rear hub section or spider 13.

In the particular embodiment illustrated, this spider is of the rearwardly extending conical type that overhangs the wheel shaft journal boxing, although we'do not wish to so limit .our invention.

lThe vane 3 is controlled by any suitable means to vary the angle of the vane with respect to the wind wheel axis and to throw the same into and from the wind, although in theparticular embodiment illustrated, we-

show the usual weighted regulator lever 14; in this instance, fulcruned `on a fixed pin 15 projecting from the rear end of the `main 'rame casting and connected to operate the vane through the medium of the usual `ea-ring 16. This lever-is raised by chain or other flexible pull connection T, extending upwardly to pulley -6 arranged at the rear side of guide 5 and carried thereby. As usual the chain depends Vfrom the pulley 6 through the stem-1 and from thence to the means by which the `chain is operated.

Mln the particular embodiment illustrated.Y

the rear end of the main frame bracket or casting embodies a vertical sleeve or hub` 18,v

through which the main stem 1 extends, and

i from the `rear of which the rigid fulrrum pin 15 projects rearwardly. The vertical bore through this hub is sufficiently large with respect to the stem to permit the stem to slip into the hub in assembling and to more or less snugly lit opposite sides of the stem against relative lateral movement of the stem and hub with respect to the longitudinal axis of the wind wheel, while the bore is `enlarged or elongated in the direction of the bore diameter alined with said wheel axis to ypermit limited relative movement of the stem and hub in assembling, toenable the internal forwardly projecting radial stud or boss 19 to enter the radial socket or perforation 2O in the rear side of the stem. The hub is cast with this boss 19 projecting radially into the bore and the rear side `of the bore is formed with inclined faces 21 diverging forwardly at opposite sides of the boss so that the boss is located centrally between said faces, thus forming a V jaw .or seat to receive the rear side of the stem. Vihen assembled with the hub, the stem is formed to this V seat and held rigidly in place with the boss 19 interlocking with the stem, by clamping blocks 22 radially movable in the bore and forced inwardly by radial clamping screws 23, having their heads accessible at the exterior of the front side of the hub. The hub is formed with internal sockets in which the blocks 22 are radially movable and into which the blocks can be withdrawn forwardly, to permit the stem to clear the boss 19 in entering and in withdrawal from the hub.

'In assembling, when the boss 19 has entered the perforation 20, the screws 23 are adjusted rearwardly t-o tightly lock and wedge the hub and stem together against possibility of 'release of the boss from the perforation and against relative looseness. Vle `do not wish to limit ourselves to the clamping blocks vas the inner ends of the screws 23 might abut directly against the stem.

We have thus provided a most rigid, eilieient and, economical structure for rigidly securing the stem and main frame bracket together and for permitting convenient assemblv of these parts as well as easy separation thereof, in case of need.

The hub 18 is an integral part of the main frame bracket casting, and the hub is located at the rear end of the horizontal forwardly extending radial arm 24 of this casting, said arm being'preferably T shape in cross section and located in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the wheel shaft and locatedfbelow theV rear portion of said shaft and below the gearing by which the crank 11 is driven from the wheel shaft. At

- the front end of the arm 24: the bracket east-` journal boxing and the gearing and crank.

The` casting provides a longitudinally elongated horizontal" forwardly projecting pillow 26. for the wheel shaft journal boxing and this pillow. can be provided with suitable removable ,bearings :27 at the front and rear ends of the pillow.

lWe preferably provide a single elongated cap 28 for this pillow formed by a casting and this cap is `bolted to the pillow in any usual or suitable manner and is preferably providedwith end removable bearings 27a corresponding toI the pillow bearings 27.

The bracket casting not only forms the arm. 24, the upright 25l and the pillow 26, but

vto the wheel shaft 12.

also provides a transverse vertical wall or plate 29 above arm 24 and at the rear of the upright Q5. This plate or wall is approximately circular with itsl center approximately alined with the. wheel shaft axis so that the plate forms the rear face of the upright and extends radially upwardly and laterally from the center longitudinal axis of the pillow 26 and defines the rear end of said pillow. This plate 29 is formed with a central opening for the passage of the wheel shaft 12 and this opening` is extended vertically (see 99a) through the top edge of the plate to permit the vertical movement of the Wheel shaft to and from the pillow 26 (when the cap 2S is detached) and also to receive the rear end of said cap 28 and permits its movement to and from the pillow when being applied and removed therefrom (F ig. 5).

A fixed large internal gear 30, concentric with the wheel shaft 12, is supported by. clamped to and arranged at the rear face of the wall 29. This internal gear is cup shaped or in the form of a circular vertical wall or disk 30gl having a cylindrical forwardly projecting annular flange 30b at the outer end portion of its inner surface forming the gear1 30. The front edge of this flange 30b fit-s the rear face of vertical wallv 29, and the open side housing 30a, 30h is tightly (yet removably) clamped to the flange by stud bolts 30C (or other suitable means) to provide a dust and grease proof box or housing for the gearing hereinafter described. In this connection. it will be noted that we provide any suitable means for normally closing or sealing the vertical slot or opening 29a. For instance, we show plate 29C closing this slot and remoirably secured to the cap 28 and to the box forming the internal gear 30, by machine screws 29d. The end wall SOfL is formed with an opening and hollow boss 30d alined with the wheel shaft and the longitudinal bore thus provided receivesV longitudinally removable bearing bushing 30e which is concentric and of -enlarged internal diameter with respect This shaft extends from the pillow 26 and plate 29, through the internal gear box and the bearing 300 and projects rearwardly from said bearing into the vertical plane in which the crank ll operates. This crank 11 is mounted on and keyed to the rearwardly projecting end of a hollow shaft 3 concentric with shaft 'l2 and mounted in and carried b v the bearing 3()e and arranged longitudinally of said shaft. The shaft 12 extends through the hollow shaft and is journaled therein to rotate freely with respect thereto, and suitable gearing is provided whereby the shaft 12 drives the hollow shaft at a scaled speed with respect to the speed of shaft 12. For instance, a spur gear 34 is keyed or otherwise fixed on the shaft 12 and located at the rear face of wall 29 and within and concentric with the relatively large internal gear 30. Two similar spur gear pinions 35 are arranged in constant mesh with both the large gear 30 and the small gear 34, and these pinions are arranged diametrically opposite each other and eccentric with respect to the large and small gears and are interposed between the circumference of the small gear and the interior of the large gear.

The axes of the large and small gears and pinions are all parallel7 and the pinions are mounted to rotate on studs 35a project-ing forwardly from, carried by and fixed to the opposite ends of a cross arm 35h-rigid with the front end of the hollow shaft 33. The cross arm Sb is arrangedwithin the box formed by gear 30 and immediately to the rear of the gear 34: Aand pinions 35.

The gear 84C is directly driven bythe wheel shaft and rotates the two diametrically opposite pinions on their respective axes 35a as Vsaid pinions are in constant mesh with said gear. However, the two pinions are also in constant mesh with the fixed internal gear 30, and consequently rotation of the pinions on their axes causes them to travel in an endless path within the internal gear and around gear 34, thereby r0- tating the cross arm through the medium of the stud shafts 35a and consequently driving the hollow shaft 33 to actuate the crank il, at the desired scaled speed with respect to the ratefof rotation of the wind wheel shaft.

117e attain material advantages in windmill practice by the frearing approximately as disclosed wherein the driving power is taken from the main drive (wheel) shaft at diametrically 'opposite points thereof vbecause so-called side draft is thereby eliminated and uniform application of power and approximate uniform speed o-f the crank arm throughout its full circle of rotation are thereby attained andv jerky movements are avoided. f

By employing the large fixed internal gear as a part of the reducing gearing, we are enabled to utilize said gear in providing a grease and dust proof chamber for the re- 'lubricate the hollow shaft bearing within bushing 30C, as well as the bearing of the main shaft within the hollow shafti AWev thus utilize parts of the gearing to form the grease chamber and avoid `the necessity of employing a separate oradditional encasement.

We also gain advantages in sci-calledjv back geared 7 windmills by arranging the working parts of the gearing so as to be balanced with respect to the wheel shaft axis which axis is radially arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vertical stem 1. In other words, in a windmill of this type, we gain advantages by arranging the working parts of the gearing so as 4to operate concentrically with the main drive (wheel) shaft.

We also Gain advantages in so arranging the parts o'I the gearing, that the large internal gear approximately carries the weight of the hollow shaft and attached parts through the medium of the substantial bearing bushing 30", which bushing is readily renewable. Also it will be noted that the `hollow crank shaft has an elongated bearing on the maindrive shatt as well as in Vthe elongated large diameter bushing 80e, and that an elongated support and bushing forthe rear end portion of said main shaft is also thereby provided. We also gain advantages by reason of the case with which access can be gained to the main shaft and gears. By disconnecting the crank 11 from the pitman 9, and removing the stud bolts 3103 and the upper machine screw 29d, the intern-al gear 30, 30", 302L can bel slipped rearwardly on the main shaft end carrying the hollow shaft and the parts carried thereby so as to exposegear 34 and the interior of `the hollow gear. Y

Furthermore, by removing the main shaft journal boxing cap' 28, and the stud bolts 30, and the lower machine screw 29d (the crank being disconnected from the pitman) the main shaft can be lifted from its pillow, carrying the internal gear, pinions, andv hollow shaft with it upwardly from the fixed back plate or wall 29. Y

Lubrication ot the wind wheel shaft is provided for by grease box 40, in this instance, shown as an integral part of the cap 28, rising therefrom in advance of the back wall 29, and having its enlarged `open bottom traversed by the shaft and open to the journal boxing between the bearings 27, 27,

VThis box is equipped with'a suitable removable cover and is designed to contain a supply of grease that will lubricate said shaft for along period of time, all as set forth and claimed in the patent application of R.

Yale. filed Feby.13, 1920. Se. No. 358,386.

In this connection, it will be noted that the" reducing gearing is lubricated by the grease in the hollow `or internal gear and is `not dependent for lubrication on flow of lubricant from the main shaft bearings, and

on the other hand the, journal boxings for the main 4shaft are not dependent for lubrication `on spent grease from the gearing but `are suppliedfrom box 40. The crank wrist pin bearing inpitman 9, is lubricated by grease from 'greasebox 42 on the pitman,

`Yale patent application.

We utilize the rear end face of the wheel spider or hub 13 as a; braking surface by providing therein an annular (preferably) V-groove 44, to receive the V-rib of a brake shoe46. This brake shoe is formed with a center hub or guide 47 slidable longitudinally on the approximately semi-cylindrical portion of the `main shaft journal boxing between the wheel hub and the bracket upright 25.

This brake shoe is formed with a depending arm 48, at its-lower end having transverse vertical eye: 49 loosely confined to reciprocation on the horizontal pin 50 parallel with the wheel shaft and projecting forwardly from the front end of bracket arm 24. Ilso desired, this pin can be removably secured in a socket in said arm.

The brake shoe is removed to and from braking engagement,v with the wind wheel hub through the medium of a push rod 51 secured to the hub portion of the brake shoe and projecting rearwardly therefrom and pivotally joined to the upper end of an upright vertically-swingablelever 52 between its ends Eulcrumed on horizontal pin 53 projecting laterally from and carried by the bracket upright 25.

This lever is operated to apply and release the brake shoe by horizontally disposed rearwardly extending link 54 at its front end pivotally joined tothe Vlower end of lever 5,3 and at its rear end suitably coupled to any desirable operating or controlling means for automatically applying and releasing the brake or for applying and releasing the brake by means manually operable from the ground or elsewhere.

In the particular example illustrated, we show the yoke of the vane formed rigid with approximately radially projecting bumper arms 60, larranged approximately at an angle ot ninety degrees to eachother, to strike the main frame bracket when the vane is in operative position and when the vane is at its limit of' inoperative position, respectively, and thus establish the limits of relative movement between the vane and main frame.

lf so desired, the `operative connection between the brake shoe and the vane can be established through the medium of a vertical stud or pin55 located a suitable radial distance from themain stem and carried byone` stance, is inv the form of a longitudinally Y hold the brake hollow housing or a tube, with the rod 54a extending and slidable longitudinally therein and extending slidably through a perforation in the rear end Wall of the tube or housing 5f A stop nut 54C is longitudinally adjustable on the front end of the pull rod 54 vvithin the housing. A coiled spring 5er-1 is loosely arranged on the rod 54E Within the housing and seated at one end against the rear end Wall of the housing While the rear end of the spring is normally located a substantial distance from the end nut 54C. A stop pin 54D is carried by the pull rod at the exterior of the housing and in normal engagement vith the rear end of the housing. The arrangement is such that when the vane is in operative position, the stop pin 54'@ engaging the housing oet ivill hold the brake shoe from operative position. TWhen the vane swings from operative position the pull rod ela iviil lle dra-Wn rearwardly until its nut 54C strikes spring 54: whereupon continued movement of the vane will cause application of the brake through the medium of the spring, housing 5%, and the lever and link as before described. 1When the vane is swung baci; to operative position, the pull rod 5e@ ivill slide forward freely with ree spect to the housing until the pin or stop 5f" strikes the rear end of the housing, Whereupon the continued movementof the vane will cause release of the brake.

1t will thus be noted that the vane has a certain amount of independent swing so far as the brake shoe is concerned, and this is of peculiar advantage in Windmill practice. For instance, We usually arrange the brake operating connections to allorv the vane an approximate free swing of forty five degrees.

The bralre shoe and its hub are of the annular mutilated type, the brake shoe is not a complete annulus, but a radial opening or passage 45 permits lateral removal of the brake shoe from the main shalt journal boxing, or removal of the boxing cap and the main shaft Without disturbing the brake shoe.

rfhe bearings of the brake shoe guides 47, i9 on the journal boxing and on the pin 5() to rectilinear reciprocation in a path parallel to the main shaft axis` and serve to support and guide the brake shoe. The pin 50 can be removable to permit convenient removal and application of the brake shoe from the main shaft journal boxing.

lt is evident that various changes, modifications and variations might be resorted to, that various features might be omitted, that constructions might be added, all Without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention and hence ive do not Wish to limit ourselves to the exact disclosures hereof.

,Vhat We claim is l. In a Windmill4 head, in combination, a.

main shaft, a wind Wheel in fixed driving relation to saidshaft for actuating the same, a.

driven shaft, and'reducing `gearing in constant fixed operative relation with respect to said shafts for driving the driven shaft from the main shaft vcontinuously at a fixed ratio during rotation of the Windxvheel, aid gearing embodying an internal gear, a center pinion, and pinions in mesh with and interposed bet-Ween the center pinion and said gear for balancing the gearing tooth pressures, said gear and pinions being in constant fixed operative relation With said shafts, means being provided enclosing said gearing in a grease-tight grease chamber.

2. fn a Windmill head, in combination; a main shaft; a Wind-Wheel in constant driving relation to said shaft; and power transmission mechanism, from said shaft, constructed and arranged to perform Wort at a point beloiv said head, said mechanism embodying a driven shaft, and reducing gearing in constant fixed operative connection With both of said shafts for driving the driven shaft'from the main shaft continuously at a fixed ratio during rotation of the main shaft, said gearing including a relatively large internal gear and cooperating gearing Within the same, means being provided in cooperation With said internal gear-to form a greasetight lubricant chamber enclosing said reducing gearing.

A Windmill comprising, in combination, a main drive shaft, a cranlr shaft concentric therewith, and gearing for driving the crank shaft from the drive shaft embodying a fixed internal gear concentric with said shafts and gearing rotated by the drive shaft and in constant mesh with the internal gear, means being provided cooperating with said gear to enclose said gearing in a grease tight chamber.

4i. ln Windmill gearing, a main drive shaft, a Windivheel on the front end of said shaft, vindmill frame having a journal box for and supporting said shaft, a` driven shaft cioi'icentric therewith, and gearing for rotating the driven shaft from the drive shaft, said gearing having axes alined and parallel With said shafts and embodying' pinions arranged diametrically opposite each other with respect to saidshafts, said pinions being in constant driven relation to said drive shaft, said ournal box being located between the Windivheel, and said driven shaft and gearing. Y

ln a Windmill, in combina-tion, a; main stem, a Windivheel shaft radially arranged with respect to said stem, a driven shaft having its axis alined with that lof said Wheel shaft, and gearing for rotatingthe driven shaft from the Wheel shaft, said gearing being balanced with respect to the Wheel sha-ft axis and embodying gearing elements having their axes either alined or parallel With the stem, a wind wheel" shaft radially arranged with respect to said stem, a support for said shaft embodying removable bearings, a driven` shaft having rits axis alined. with that of said wheel shaft, and gearing for rotating'the driven shaft from the wheel shaft, means providing a .tight lubricant chamber enclosing saidgearing, said gearing being balanced with respect to thewheel shaft axis and` embodying gearing elements` having their 'axeseither alined or parallel `with the wheel shaft. v

7. In a windmill, in combination, a. main stem, a windwheel shaft radially arranged with respectto said stem, ahollow driven shaft Vhaving its axis alined with that of said wheel shaft, and A"gearing for rotating the driven shaft from the wheel shaft, said gearing being `balanced with respect to the wheel shaft axis and embodying gearing elements in constant driven relation to said wheel shaft and having` their axes either alined or parallel withY the wheel shaft.

8. A* windmill comprising, `in combination, a hollow driven shaft having a cross arm provided," at its opposite ends, with pinions mounted to rotate independently and having axes parallel with said shaft, a windwheel shaft having its axis alined with that of the driven shaft, and 4gearing actuatedby andin constant driven relation to the wheel shaft for causing said pinions to travel in an annular path `concentric with the wheel shaft and to thereby rotate the dri-ven shaft through Athe medium of said cross head.

9; A windmill comprising, in combination, a driven shaft having a cross arm provided, at Vits opposite ends, with pinions mounted to rotate independently and having axes parallel with said shaft, a windwheel shaft; a wind mill lhead providing supporting boxes and removable bearings for said shafts; a. windwheel on the frontend of the wheel shaftin advance of said. boxes, bearings and driven shaft; and gearing arranged in rear of said wheel shaft box and bearings and in constant driven relation to said wheel shaft for causing said pinions to travel in an `annularpat-h concentric with the wheel shaft and to thereby rotate-the driven shaft through the medium of said cross head, said gearing embodying gear `fixed to the/wheel shaft, and a fixed! concentric internal gear, said pinions being interposed between and in constant mesh with said gear and internal gear.

l0. A windmill comprising. in combination, al main drive shaft, a hollow shaft receiving the same and rotatable thereon, and gearing for-driving the hollow shaft from the drive shaft, and embodying a fixed innasi-,3er

ternal gear concentric with the main shaft'f and having a hub providing a bearing forv the hollow shaft.

1l. A windmill comprising, in combination, a. main drive shaft, a crank shaft con-l centric therewith, and gearing for driving the crank shaft from the drive shaft embodying a fixed internal gear concentric with said shafts and gearing rotated by the drive shaft and in constant mesh with the internal gear,-said `internal gear having a closed end wall provided with a hubl providing a bearing for said crank. shaft, means being provided Vcooperating with said internal gear in forming'a grease tight c hamber enclosing said gearing for maintaining constant long continued lubrication thereof.

l2. A windniill comprising, in combination, the wind wheel shaft, a driven shaft concentric therewith, and gearing for rotating the driven shaft from the wheel shaft and in constant driven rela-tion to the wheel shaft, said gearing having axes alined and parallel with said shafts and embodying pinions arranged diametrically opposite each other with respect to said shafts, said pinions being eccentrically arranged with respect to said shafts and traveling in an an nular path' concentric therewith and being carried by and drivingsaid driven shaft.

13. In a windmill, in combination, a main stem, a wind whe-el `shaft radially arranged with respect to said stem, a driven shaft having its axis alined with that of said` wheel shaft, and gearing for rotating the driven shaft from the wheel shaft, said gearing being balanced with respect to the wheel shaft axis and embodying gearing elements having their axes either alined or parallel with the wheel shaft, said gearing embodying a large fixed internal gear having a closed end wall with a hub providing a supporting and journal bearing for said driven shaft, saidA driven shaft extending to the exterior: of said hub for connection .to perform work.

14. A. windmill comprising, in combina.- tion, a l windwheel shaft constituting the main drive shaft, a hollow shaft receiving the same and rotatable thereon, and gearing for driving the hollow shaft from the drive shaft said hollow shaft provided with an exterior' crank for connection .to drive mechanism to perform work.

l5. A windmill comprising, in combination, a windwheel shaft constituting the main drive shaft, a hollow shaft receiving the same and rotatable thereon, and gearing for driving the hollow shaft from the drive shaft, said gearingy embodying a fixed internal gear' closed to form a grease chamber enclosing said gearing and providing a supporting bearing for said hollow shaft, said hollow shaft projecting to the exterior of said chamber andl provided with means for transmitting power to perform work.

16. In a windmill, in combination, a. main frame swingable about a vertical axis, a wind wheel shaft carried by said frame radially with respect to said axis and provided with a gear, a hollow driven shaft on and concentric with said shaft and provided with power transmitting means for connection to perform work, said hollow shaft provided with axes parallel with said shafts and carrying rotary pinions in constant mesh with diametrically-opposite portions of said gear and rotated on their axes thereby, and means for causing said pinions to travel in an annular path around said gear and to thereby rotate said hollow shaft.

17. In a windmill head, in combination, a supporting frame having a vertical stern, a wind wheel shaft mounted in said frame, said frame providing a vertical transverse wall, and power transmission mechanism from said shaft for connection with means to perform work below said head, said mechanism vembodying a. rotary crank, and reducing gearing for driving said crank from said shaft, said gearing including an internal gear having an open side and a closed side, and a driving pinion within and geared to said internal gear, said wall closing 'the open side of said gear and cooperating with the gear to form a grease tight lubricant chamber.

1S,L In a windmill head, in combination, a supporting frame, a main shaft, a rotary crank, and reducing gearing for driving the crank from the shaft, said gearing embodying a relatively-large internal gear, and a driving pinion within the same and geared thereto, said shaft provided with a windwheel at one end, said frame provided with separable bearings for said shaft, Asaid bearings being arranged between said gear and said wheel, said shaft being vertically removable from said frame and bearings, said gear being open at one side and closed at the other, said open side of said gear being closed to provide a lubricant chamber within said gear.

19. In combination, in a windmill head, a frame providing a fixedtransverse wall, and wheel shaft bearings, a wheel shaft mounted therein and extending through said wall, an internal gear having an end wall and hub, said gear secured to and supported by said wall to form a closed grease chamber, a. driven shaft mounted in said hub. and gearing within said grease chamber for driving the driven shaft from the wheel shaft, said driven shaft having power transmitting means at the exterior of said chamber for connection to perform work.

20. In a windmill head, in combination, a main frame embodying a bracket providing journal boxing for the wind wheel shaft and a fixed vertical transverse back wall, a windwheelshaft mounted in said boxing and removable vertically therefrom and project-` ing rearwardly through said wall, said wall formed with a vertical slot for the removal and replacement of said shaft, a'ivertical open side housing removably secured to said wall and having its open side closed thereby to form a grease chamber, said housing having a bearing, a driven shaft in said bearing and alined with the wheel shaft, and gearing in said chamber for driving the driven shaft from the wheel shaft.

21. In a windmill, a frame, a wind wheel shaft mounted therein, a vertical transversely arranged open side housing removably secured against said frame and closed thereby to form a greasechamber, said housing providing a large internal fixed gear concentric with said shaft and a bearing opening alined therewith, a hollow rotary shaft mounted in said vopening and supported by said housing and at the exterior thereof having power transmitting means,

said wheel shaft extending through said.V

chamber and into said hollow shaft and provided with a gear within said chamber,` said hollow shaft provided with radial arms for rotating the same, rotary pinions carried by said arms and in constant mesh with both said gear and said internal gear, said arms and pinions arranged within said chamber.

22. In a windmill, in combination, a vertical main stem, a reciprocating rod, a pitman for reciprocating the same, a bracket extending radially from the stemand having a hub receiving the same and fixed thereto, said bracket embodying a radial arm at its outer end having an upright providing a vertical transverse back plate or wall above the arm and a forwardly extending pillow for the wheel shaft radial with respect to said stem, a wheel shaft in said pillow and extending rearwardly through and beyond said wall, means on said pillow to provide journal boxings foi` said shaft, a vertical transverse open side housing at the rear of said wall and removably clamped thereto to form a gear box and grease chamber, a crank shaft mounted in and carried by said housing and provided with a crank at the rear thereof to actuate said pitman, and gearing in said housing to drive the crank shaft from the wheel shaft. y

23. In a windmill, in combination, a'main stem having a radial socket, a main frame bracket having a hub to receive said stemand having an internal rigidprojection to enter said socket, the bore of said hub being formed to permit relative movement between the hub and stem when assembling for entrance of the projection'into the socket, and clamping means to lock the hub and stem together against such movement.

Q4. In combination, in a windmill, a horizontally swingable windmill head bracket, a windwheel shaft mounted therein, and aV vertical main stein for said bracket and normally fixed thereto, said bracket having a vertiealbore longitudinally receiving said stem., said bore being radially elongated with respect to said stein to permit relativelateral movement of the stein and bracket when assembling and disasseinbling, said bracket and stern formed to interlock against relative movement longitudinally of the stem when moved laterally in one direction and to unlock when moved laterally in the opposite direction, exteriorly accessible means being provided for normally locking the bracket and stein together against said relative unlocking lateral movement.

25. In combination, in a windmill, a horizontally swingable windmill head bracket, a windwheel shaft mounted therein, and a vertical main stem for said b'acket and normally fixed thereto, vsaid bracket having avertical bore longitudinally receiving said stem,said bore being radially elongated with respect to said stein to permit relative lateral movement of the stem and bracket when assembling and disasseinbling, said bracket and stem formed with a complementary locking projection and socket, said bracket being provided with adjustable clamping blocks and exteriorly accessible clamping `screws controlling the relative lateral movements of the bracket and stem. y

26. In a windmill head, in combination, aibracket, a windwheel shaft carried by said bracket, and a cylindrical vertical main stem for said bracket, said bracket formed with avertical bore through which said stein extends, the bracket and stem being relatively movable longitudinally of thel stem in assembling and disasseinbling, said bore being laterally elongated to permit relative lateral movement of the bracket and stein, said bore at one side forming a `V-jaw to grip the Stem, the bracket at the other side of the bore having adjustable clamping means to engage the stem and force the same into said jaw, means being provided to lock the stem and bracket together against relative movement longitudinally of the stem when the stem is forced laterally `into said jaw.

27. In combination, a windmill head bracket, a vertical tubular main stein for the head, the bracket having a vertical bore receiving thestem, the bore and stem being relatively formed to permit relative lateral movement of the stem and bracket, the bore at one side formed to wedge and center the stein, the bracket and stem having an interlocking socket and projection, and adjustable clamping means accessible at the exterior of the bracket for forcing' the stein and bracket into and normally holding the same `in interlocking relation.

Q81 In a windmill, in combination, a main drive shaft, a frameitherefor rotatable on a vertical axis, and power, transmission mechanism from said shaft arranged to perform work below said frame and embodying a depending operating connection. alined with said axis, said mechanism comprising reducing gearingvwherein the gear tooth.`

pressures are balanced or equalized, said gearing beingfcenter driven with respect to said shaft, said frame provided with an accessible bearing box for said drive shaft pressures are balanced` or equalized, said gearing being center driven with respectV to said shaft, and in constant operative connection with said shaft at a fixed ratio, and i means providing a grease-retaining gear box enclosing said gearing.

30. In a windmill, a center-drive gearedback power transmission mechanism from the windwheel to a point ,below the windmill. head for there performing work, said mechanism embodying multiple gears en-v closed iii a grease chamber and including an internal gear forming the `maj or `portion of the walls of said chamber.

3l. In a windmill, a center-drive gearedback power transmission mechanism embodying multiple gears wherein the gear tooth pressures are eqiialized, said gears including an internal gear, and a pinion fixed on and constantly driven by the windwheel shaft.

32. Ina windmill, a center-drive geared-l back power transmission mechanism embodying multiple gears wherein the gear tooth pressures are equalized, said gears including an internal gear, and means whereby said gears are enclosed in a grease chamber within and formed in part by said internal gear.

33. In a windmill, a center-drive gearedback power transmission mechanism embodying multiple gears between the main drive shaft and the driven shaft in fixed operative connection with the drive shaft to constantly drive the driven. shaft at a fixed ratio, several of said gears having axes parallel with each other and with the driven shaft, said multiple gears being arranged to equalize the tooth pressures with respect to said driven shaft, in combination with the supporting frame of the windmill head providing removable bearing boxings for said. shafts.

34. In a windmill, a geared-back power transmission mechanism embodying multiple gears, and means providing a closed grease chamber for said gears, said gears including a large gear forming the major portion of the walls of said chamber.

35. In a windmill, a geared-back power transmission mechanism embodying multiple gears, and means providing a closed grease chamber for said gears, said gears including a large gear forming a part of the enclosing walls of said chamber.

36. In a windmill, a geared-back centerdrive power transmission mechanism embodying an internal gear, in combination with the supporting frame of the windmill head, and means cooperating with said gear to provide a closed chamber for retaining a supply of grease for continuous lubrication of said mechanism.

37. In a windmill, in combination with the windwheel and its shaft, and the supporting frame of the windmill head, a geared-back center-drive power transmission mechanismembodying an internal gear, and a mechanism-driving pinion on and in constant driven relation to the wheel shaft and in constant driving relation in said mechanism, said internal gear being fixed.

38. In a windmill, a power transmission mechanism 'embodying multiple gears including an internal gear, means co-operating with said internal gear to provide a closed grease chamber for said multiple gears, in combination with the windwheel and its shaft, and the supporting frame of the windmill head.

39. In a windmill, in combination,the supporting frame of the windmill head, the windwheel and its shaft constituting a drive shaft, a driven shaft alined therewith, and an interposed gear assembly operatively connecting saidshafts, means being provided whereby said gear assembly is enclosed in a grease chamber, capable of retaining a large supply of lubricant in contact with said assembly.

40. In combination, in a windmill, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a windwheel, a main driving element in constant driven relation to said wheel, a driven element, and an interposed assembly of meshing gears operatively connecting said elements in constant driving relation, and embodying several gears having their axes parallel with said driving element and several gears having their axes alined with that of said element, whereby a center drive power transmission is provided wherein gear tooth pressures are equalized.

al. In combination, in a windmill, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a windwheel, a main driving element in constant driven relation to said wheel, a driven element, and an assembly of meshing gears operatively connecting said elements in constant driving relation and embodying a center driving gear, a gear alined therewith, and several oppositely rotatinggears each in mesh with both first mentioned gears and arranged to travel in an annular path concentric 'with the common axis of the iirst mentioned gears.

d2, In combination, in a windmill, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a windwheel, a main driving element in constant driven relation to said wheel, a driven element, and an assembly of meshing gears operatively connecting said elements in constant driving relation and embodying a center driving gear, a gear alined therewith, and several oppositely rotating gears each in mesh with both first mentioned gears and arranged to travel in an annular path concentric with the common axis of the irst mentioned gears, and means whereby all of said gears are enclosed inV a grease chamber.

43. In combination, in a windmill, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a windwheel and its shaft 'constituting a rotary driving element, a rotary driven element alined therewith, and an assembly of meshing gears operatively connecting said elements and embodying a center gear in constant driven relation to said shaft Vand several lgears in mesh therewith vand arranged oppositely with respect to each other and said center gear, for the production of a center-drive balanced power transmission mechanism.

44. In a windmill, in combination, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a windwheel, a main drive shaft driven thereby, a drive pinion xed on said drive shaft, a reciprocating rod, gearing for driving said rod from the said drive pinion, said gearing working on two or more sides of said drive pinion while driving said rod and in constant driven relation to .said pinion, said frame providingrexterior journal boxing for said shaft. 1

45. In a windmill, in combination, a windwheel, the supporting frame of the windmill head, an internal gear, means removably fiXing said gear to said frame, said gear being closed to form a tight lubricant retaining chamber, a main drive shaft, a drive pinion on said drive shaft cent-ered in said internal gear, gearing connecting said drive pinion with said internal gear, a reciprocating rod driven by said drive pinion through the medium of said connecting gearing and internal gear.

46. In a windmill, in combination, a windwheel, the windwheel shaft, means providing accessible bearing boxing for said shaft, an internal gear and a drive pinion within said internal gear, with 'connections for driving the windmill pump rod, and means for closing said internal gear for holding a supply of lubricant therein.

47. In combination, in a windmill, the supporting frame of the windmill head, a

10" i n i l bracket provided With af separable Journal carried, thereby, a" pinion keyed on said` Windivheel, said frame providing removable top bearing boxing "for 'the center""di"iv`e` boxing for said shaft, said bracket iconstructed` and arranged to render the shaft vertically removable from the bracket, and" povv'er transmission mechanism from said slraft arranged for connection` to perform Workbelow the head, and including an inter? naldgear and. connected gearing Within said gearand embodying a gear box enclosing saidgearinghandarranged on theA shaft end beyond'f saidV sep arable boxing.

49. Ina Windmill, incombination; avvindmill` head. bracket horizontally rotatable about a vertical axis: a Wind Wheel shaft radially` arranged with respect to said. axis and carriedby said bracket, a pinion keyed-` to said shaft,a crank rotating on an axis alined with said` shaftA and arranged for` connection to perform Work beloiv said head bracket, andgearing infixed constantopei" ativeconneetiori with the pinionand 'crank to continuously drive the crank at a. fixed ratio during `notation 1of the shaft, said gear? ing being oppositely arranged andbalanced vwith respect to said pinion, said pinion being centrallyy arranged Within said gearing to` balance` tooth pressures throughout each complete revolution of the crank.

50.1 In a` Windmill, in combination, a Windmill head braeket, a `Windivheel shaft.

shaft; a rotary crank forA connection to perform ivork beloiv the head,f and gearing fromA the pinion to the crank for" driving the sanieincluding aV relatively large internal gear, saidpinion being 'located' Within and having `operative connection'vvith4 said internal gear,`s`aid internal gear being closed at the sides and rim to form a tight lubricant box formed tofreceive charge of lubricant mais@ for long continued lubrication of the pinion and gearing.

'51. In a Windmill, in combination, a Windmill head bracket, a Wind Wheel shaft jour naled` therein, a pinion keyed on said shaft intermediate the shaft length, a relatively sliortliolloiv shaft rotatable on the rear end. of the Wheel shaft and provided with a crank for connection to perform Work, a support providing an exterior bearing for said hollow shaft, and gearing for driving,`

said hollow shaft from said pinion.

52. In combination, in a Windmill, a Wind Wheel shaft, a windmill head bracket carryingsaid` shaft, a separate vertical'tubular` main stein for said bracket, said bracket formed vvith a vertical bore receiving said stem, and accessible meansffor detachably securing the bracket' and stern together in assembled position. Y i

53. InA combination, in a Windmill, al

bracketfa Wind Wheel carried thereby and,

having 'an annular braking surface, the bracket provided with a guide pin spaced laterally from the Wheel axis, an openy seg.-

mental brake shoe adapted-to said surface" and formed with va 'rigid projecting guide and supporting arm, Vsaid armahaving an eye loosely receiving said `guide pin, andi means for applying and releasingl saidbrake` shoe. Y

54k. In a Windmill head, in combination, a bracket, a wind Wheel shaft, said bracket provided with a separable o'urnallboxingfor saidlshaft, a vane, a ivindivheel having a braking surface,` an open segmental brake shoe adaptedto said surface and partially surrounding`saicl`boxing and formed With,y Va lateral, guiding and c controlling., arm loosely engaging andmguided by a part car,- ried by thebracket, and a lost niotionoper-A ating connection: from the vane .to saide` brake shoe embodying a spring, a vertical lever fulcrurned toand arrangedibesidebthe-M bracket, link connections, and. an adjustable stop.

noDNEY i-i. YALE, PAUL W. HUToi-iins. kann Mnirrino. 

